path: root/src/idevice.c

/* 
 * idevice.c
 * Device discovery and communication interface.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014 Martin Szulecki All Rights Reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2014 Nikias Bassen. All Rights Reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2008 Zach C. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 * 
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA 
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include <usbmuxd.h>
#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#else
#include <gnutls/gnutls.h>
#endif
#include "idevice.h"
#include "common/userpref.h"
#include "common/thread.h"
#include "common/debug.h"

#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
static mutex_t *mutex_buf = NULL;
static void locking_function(int mode, int n, const char* file, int line)
{
	if (mode & CRYPTO_LOCK)
		mutex_lock(&mutex_buf[n]);
	else
		mutex_unlock(&mutex_buf[n]);
}

static unsigned long id_function(void)
{
	return ((unsigned long)THREAD_ID);
}
#endif

static void internal_idevice_init(void)
{
#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
	int i;
	SSL_library_init();

	mutex_buf = malloc(CRYPTO_num_locks() * sizeof(mutex_t));
	if (!mutex_buf)
		return;
	for (i = 0; i < CRYPTO_num_locks(); i++)
		mutex_init(&mutex_buf[i]);

	CRYPTO_set_id_callback(id_function);
	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(locking_function);
#else
	gnutls_global_init();
#endif
}

static void internal_idevice_deinit(void)
{
#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
	int i;
	if (!mutex_buf)
		return;
	CRYPTO_set_id_callback(NULL);
	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(NULL);
	for (i = 0; i < CRYPTO_num_locks(); i++)
		mutex_destroy(&mutex_buf[i]);
	free(mutex_buf);
	mutex_buf = NULL;
#else
	gnutls_global_deinit();
#endif
}

static thread_once_t init_once = THREAD_ONCE_INIT;
static thread_once_t deinit_once = THREAD_ONCE_INIT;

#ifdef WIN32
int APIENTRY DllMain(HANDLE hModule, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
	switch (dwReason) {
	case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
		thread_once(&init_once,	internal_idevice_init);
		break;
	case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
		thread_once(&deinit_once, internal_idevice_deinit);
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
	return 1;
}
#else
static void __attribute__((constructor)) libimobiledevice_initialize(void)
{
	thread_once(&init_once, internal_idevice_init);
}

static void __attribute__((destructor)) libimobiledevice_deinitialize(void)
{
	thread_once(&deinit_once, internal_idevice_deinit);
}
#endif

static idevice_event_cb_t event_cb = NULL;

static void usbmux_event_cb(const usbmuxd_event_t *event, void *user_data)
{
	idevice_event_t ev;

	ev.event = event->event;
	ev.udid = event->device.udid;
	ev.conn_type = CONNECTION_USBMUXD;

	if (event_cb) {
		event_cb(&ev, user_data);
	}
}

/**
 * Register a callback function that will be called when device add/remove
 * events occur.
 *
 * @param callback Callback function to call.
 * @param user_data Application-specific data passed as parameter
 *   to the registered callback function.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS on success or an error value when an error occured.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_event_subscribe(idevice_event_cb_t callback, void *user_data)
{
	event_cb = callback;
	int res = usbmuxd_subscribe(usbmux_event_cb, user_data);
	if (res != 0) {
		event_cb = NULL;
		debug_info("ERROR: usbmuxd_subscribe() returned %d!", res);
		return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
	}
	return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * Release the event callback function that has been registered with
 *  idevice_event_subscribe().
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS on success or an error value when an error occured.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_event_unsubscribe()
{
	event_cb = NULL;
	int res = usbmuxd_unsubscribe();
	if (res != 0) {
		debug_info("ERROR: usbmuxd_unsubscribe() returned %d!", res);
		return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
	}
	return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * Get a list of currently available devices.
 *
 * @param devices List of udids of devices that are currently available.
 *   This list is terminated by a NULL pointer.
 * @param count Number of devices found.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS on success or an error value when an error occured.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_get_device_list(char ***devices, int *count)
{
	usbmuxd_device_info_t *dev_list;

	*devices = NULL;
	*count = 0;

	if (usbmuxd_get_device_list(&dev_list) < 0) {
		debug_info("ERROR: usbmuxd is not running!", __func__);
		return IDEVICE_E_NO_DEVICE;
	}

	char **newlist = NULL;
	int i, newcount = 0;

	for (i = 0; dev_list[i].handle > 0; i++) {
		newlist = realloc(*devices, sizeof(char*) * (newcount+1));
		newlist[newcount++] = strdup(dev_list[i].udid);
		*devices = newlist;
	}
	usbmuxd_device_list_free(&dev_list);

	*count = newcount;
	newlist = realloc(*devices, sizeof(char*) * (newcount+1));
	newlist[newcount] = NULL;
	*devices = newlist;

	return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * Free a list of device udids.
 *
 * @param devices List of udids to free.
 *
 * @return Always returnes IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_device_list_free(char **devices)
{
	if (devices) {
		int i = 0;
		while (devices[i]) {
			free(devices[i]);
			i++;
		}
		free(devices);
	}
	return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * Creates an idevice_t structure for the device specified by udid,
 *  if the device is available.
 *
 * @note The resulting idevice_t structure has to be freed with
 * idevice_free() if it is no longer used.
 *
 * @param device Upon calling this function, a pointer to a location of type
 *  idevice_t. On successful return, this location will be populated.
 * @param udid The UDID to match.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS if ok, otherwise an error code.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_new(idevice_t * device, const char *udid)
{
	usbmuxd_device_info_t muxdev;
	int res = usbmuxd_get_device_by_udid(udid, &muxdev);
	if (res > 0) {
		idevice_t dev = (idevice_t) malloc(sizeof(struct idevice_private));
		dev->udid = strdup(muxdev.udid);
		dev->conn_type = CONNECTION_USBMUXD;
		dev->conn_data = (void*)(long)muxdev.handle;
		*device = dev;
		return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	}
	/* other connection types could follow here */

	return IDEVICE_E_NO_DEVICE;
}

/**
 * Cleans up an idevice structure, then frees the structure itself.
 * This is a library-level function; deals directly with the device to tear
 *  down relations, but otherwise is mostly internal.
 * 
 * @param device idevice_t to free.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_free(idevice_t device)
{
	if (!device)
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	idevice_error_t ret = IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;

	ret = IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;

	free(device->udid);

	if (device->conn_type == CONNECTION_USBMUXD) {
		device->conn_data = 0;
	}
	if (device->conn_data) {
		free(device->conn_data);
	}
	free(device);
	return ret;
}

/**
 * Set up a connection to the given device.
 *
 * @param device The device to connect to.
 * @param port The destination port to connect to.
 * @param connection Pointer to an idevice_connection_t that will be filled
 *   with the necessary data of the connection.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS if ok, otherwise an error code.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_connect(idevice_t device, uint16_t port, idevice_connection_t *connection)
{
	if (!device) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}

	if (device->conn_type == CONNECTION_USBMUXD) {
		int sfd = usbmuxd_connect((uint32_t)(long)device->conn_data, port);
		if (sfd < 0) {
			debug_info("ERROR: Connecting to usbmuxd failed: %d (%s)", sfd, strerror(-sfd));
			return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
		}
		idevice_connection_t new_connection = (idevice_connection_t)malloc(sizeof(struct idevice_connection_private));
		new_connection->type = CONNECTION_USBMUXD;
		new_connection->data = (void*)(long)sfd;
		new_connection->ssl_data = NULL;
		idevice_get_udid(device, &new_connection->udid);
		*connection = new_connection;
		return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	} else {
		debug_info("Unknown connection type %d", device->conn_type);
	}

	return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
}

/**
 * Disconnect from the device and clean up the connection structure.
 *
 * @param connection The connection to close.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS if ok, otherwise an error code.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_disconnect(idevice_connection_t connection)
{
	if (!connection) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}
	/* shut down ssl if enabled */
	if (connection->ssl_data) {
		idevice_connection_disable_ssl(connection);
	}
	idevice_error_t result = IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
	if (connection->type == CONNECTION_USBMUXD) {
		usbmuxd_disconnect((int)(long)connection->data);
		connection->data = NULL;
		result = IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	} else {
		debug_info("Unknown connection type %d", connection->type);
	}

	if (connection->udid)
		free(connection->udid);

	free(connection);
	connection = NULL;

	return result;
}

/**
 * Internally used function to send raw data over the given connection.
 */
static idevice_error_t internal_connection_send(idevice_connection_t connection, const char *data, uint32_t len, uint32_t *sent_bytes)
{
	if (!connection || !data) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}

	if (connection->type == CONNECTION_USBMUXD) {
		int res = usbmuxd_send((int)(long)connection->data, data, len, sent_bytes);
		if (res < 0) {
			debug_info("ERROR: usbmuxd_send returned %d (%s)", res, strerror(-res));
			return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
		}
		return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	} else {
		debug_info("Unknown connection type %d", connection->type);
	}
	return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;

}

/**
 * Send data to a device via the given connection.
 *
 * @param connection The connection to send data over.
 * @param data Buffer with data to send.
 * @param len Size of the buffer to send.
 * @param sent_bytes Pointer to an uint32_t that will be filled
 *   with the number of bytes actually sent.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS if ok, otherwise an error code.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_connection_send(idevice_connection_t connection, const char *data, uint32_t len, uint32_t *sent_bytes)
{
	if (!connection || !data || (connection->ssl_data && !connection->ssl_data->session)) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}

	if (connection->ssl_data) {
#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
		int sent = SSL_write(connection->ssl_data->session, (const void*)data, (int)len);
		debug_info("SSL_write %d, sent %d", len, sent);
#else
		ssize_t sent = gnutls_record_send(connection->ssl_data->session, (void*)data, (size_t)len);
#endif
		if ((uint32_t)sent == (uint32_t)len) {
			*sent_bytes = sent;
			return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
		}
		*sent_bytes = 0;
		return IDEVICE_E_SSL_ERROR;
	}
	return internal_connection_send(connection, data, len, sent_bytes);
}

/**
 * Internally used function for receiving raw data over the given connection
 * using a timeout.
 */
static idevice_error_t internal_connection_receive_timeout(idevice_connection_t connection, char *data, uint32_t len, uint32_t *recv_bytes, unsigned int timeout)
{
	if (!connection) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}

	if (connection->type == CONNECTION_USBMUXD) {
		int res = usbmuxd_recv_timeout((int)(long)connection->data, data, len, recv_bytes, timeout);
		if (res < 0) {
			debug_info("ERROR: usbmuxd_recv_timeout returned %d (%s)", res, strerror(-res));
			return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
		}
		return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	} else {
		debug_info("Unknown connection type %d", connection->type);
	}
	return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
}

/**
 * Receive data from a device via the given connection.
 * This function will return after the given timeout even if no data has been
 * received.
 *
 * @param connection The connection to receive data from.
 * @param data Buffer that will be filled with the received data.
 *   This buffer has to be large enough to hold len bytes.
 * @param len Buffer size or number of bytes to receive.
 * @param recv_bytes Number of bytes actually received.
 * @param timeout Timeout in milliseconds after which this function should
 *   return even if no data has been received.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS if ok, otherwise an error code.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_connection_receive_timeout(idevice_connection_t connection, char *data, uint32_t len, uint32_t *recv_bytes, unsigned int timeout)
{
	if (!connection || (connection->ssl_data && !connection->ssl_data->session)) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}

	if (connection->ssl_data) {
#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
		uint32_t received = 0;
		while (received < len) {
			int r = SSL_read(connection->ssl_data->session, (void*)((char*)(data+received)), (int)len-received);
			if (r > 0) {
				received += r;
			} else {
				break;
			}
		}
		debug_info("SSL_read %d, received %d", len, received);
#else
		ssize_t received = gnutls_record_recv(connection->ssl_data->session, (void*)data, (size_t)len);
#endif
		if (received > 0) {
			*recv_bytes = received;
			return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
		}
		*recv_bytes = 0;
		return IDEVICE_E_SSL_ERROR;
	}
	return internal_connection_receive_timeout(connection, data, len, recv_bytes, timeout);
}

/**
 * Internally used function for receiving raw data over the given connection.
 */
static idevice_error_t internal_connection_receive(idevice_connection_t connection, char *data, uint32_t len, uint32_t *recv_bytes)
{
	if (!connection) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}

	if (connection->type == CONNECTION_USBMUXD) {
		int res = usbmuxd_recv((int)(long)connection->data, data, len, recv_bytes);
		if (res < 0) {
			debug_info("ERROR: usbmuxd_recv returned %d (%s)", res, strerror(-res));
			return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
		}

		return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	} else {
		debug_info("Unknown connection type %d", connection->type);
	}
	return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
}

/**
 * Receive data from a device via the given connection.
 * This function is like idevice_connection_receive_timeout, but with a
 * predefined reasonable timeout.
 *
 * @param connection The connection to receive data from.
 * @param data Buffer that will be filled with the received data.
 *   This buffer has to be large enough to hold len bytes.
 * @param len Buffer size or number of bytes to receive.
 * @param recv_bytes Number of bytes actually received.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS if ok, otherwise an error code.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_connection_receive(idevice_connection_t connection, char *data, uint32_t len, uint32_t *recv_bytes)
{
	if (!connection || (connection->ssl_data && !connection->ssl_data->session)) {
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	}

	if (connection->ssl_data) {
#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
		int received = SSL_read(connection->ssl_data->session, (void*)data, (int)len);
		debug_info("SSL_read %d, received %d", len, received);
#else
		ssize_t received = gnutls_record_recv(connection->ssl_data->session, (void*)data, (size_t)len);
#endif
		if (received > 0) {
			*recv_bytes = received;
			return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
		}
		*recv_bytes = 0;
		return IDEVICE_E_SSL_ERROR;
	}
	return internal_connection_receive(connection, data, len, recv_bytes);
}

/**
 * Gets the handle of the device. Depends on the connection type.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_get_handle(idevice_t device, uint32_t *handle)
{
	if (!device)
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;

	if (device->conn_type == CONNECTION_USBMUXD) {
		*handle = (uint32_t)(long)device->conn_data;
		return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	} else {
		debug_info("Unknown connection type %d", device->conn_type);
	}
	return IDEVICE_E_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
}

/**
 * Gets the unique id for the device.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_get_udid(idevice_t device, char **udid)
{
	if (!device || !udid)
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;

	*udid = strdup(device->udid);
	return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
}

#ifndef HAVE_OPENSSL
/**
 * Internally used gnutls callback function for receiving encrypted data.
 */
static ssize_t internal_ssl_read(gnutls_transport_ptr_t transport, char *buffer, size_t length)
{
	int bytes = 0, pos_start_fill = 0;
	size_t tbytes = 0;
	int this_len = length;
	idevice_error_t res;
	idevice_connection_t connection = (idevice_connection_t)transport;
	char *recv_buffer;

	debug_info("pre-read client wants %zi bytes", length);

	recv_buffer = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * this_len);

	/* repeat until we have the full data or an error occurs */
	do {
		if ((res = internal_connection_receive(connection, recv_buffer, this_len, (uint32_t*)&bytes)) != IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS) {
			debug_info("ERROR: idevice_connection_receive returned %d", res);
			return res;
		}
		debug_info("post-read we got %i bytes", bytes);

		/* increase read count */
		tbytes += bytes;

		/* fill the buffer with what we got right now */
		memcpy(buffer + pos_start_fill, recv_buffer, bytes);
		pos_start_fill += bytes;

		if (tbytes >= length) {
			break;
		}

		this_len = length - tbytes;
		debug_info("re-read trying to read missing %i bytes", this_len);
	} while (tbytes < length);

	if (recv_buffer) {
		free(recv_buffer);
	}
	return tbytes;
}

/**
 * Internally used gnutls callback function for sending encrypted data.
 */
static ssize_t internal_ssl_write(gnutls_transport_ptr_t transport, char *buffer, size_t length)
{
	uint32_t bytes = 0;
	idevice_error_t res;
	idevice_connection_t connection = (idevice_connection_t)transport;
	debug_info("pre-send length = %zi", length);
	if ((res = internal_connection_send(connection, buffer, length, &bytes)) != IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS) {
		debug_info("ERROR: internal_connection_send returned %d", res);
		return -1;
	}
	debug_info("post-send sent %i bytes", bytes);
	return bytes;
}
#endif

/**
 * Internally used function for cleaning up SSL stuff.
 */
static void internal_ssl_cleanup(ssl_data_t ssl_data)
{
	if (!ssl_data)
		return;

#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
	if (ssl_data->session) {
		SSL_free(ssl_data->session);
	}
	if (ssl_data->ctx) {
		SSL_CTX_free(ssl_data->ctx);
	}
#else
	if (ssl_data->session) {
		gnutls_deinit(ssl_data->session);
	}
	if (ssl_data->certificate) {
		gnutls_certificate_free_credentials(ssl_data->certificate);
	}
	if (ssl_data->root_cert) {
		gnutls_x509_crt_deinit(ssl_data->root_cert);
	}
	if (ssl_data->host_cert) {
		gnutls_x509_crt_deinit(ssl_data->host_cert);
	}
	if (ssl_data->root_privkey) {
		gnutls_x509_privkey_deinit(ssl_data->root_privkey);
	}
	if (ssl_data->host_privkey) {
		gnutls_x509_privkey_deinit(ssl_data->host_privkey);
	}
#endif
}

#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
static int ssl_verify_callback(int ok, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx)
{
	return 1;
}

#ifndef STRIP_DEBUG_CODE
static const char *errorstring(int e)
{
	switch(e) {
		case SSL_ERROR_NONE:
			return "SSL_ERROR_NONE";
		case SSL_ERROR_SSL:
			return "SSL_ERROR_SSL";
		case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
			return "SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ";
		case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
			return "SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE";
		case SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP:
			return "SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP";
		case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
			return "SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL";
		case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN:
			return "SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN";
		case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:
			return "SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT";
		case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT:
			return "SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT";
		default:
			return "UNKOWN_ERROR_VALUE";
	}
}
#endif
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_OPENSSL
/**
 * Internally used gnutls callback function that gets called during handshake.
 */
static int internal_cert_callback(gnutls_session_t session, const gnutls_datum_t * req_ca_rdn, int nreqs, const gnutls_pk_algorithm_t * sign_algos, int sign_algos_length, gnutls_retr_st * st)
{
	int res = -1;
	gnutls_certificate_type_t type = gnutls_certificate_type_get(session);
	if (type == GNUTLS_CRT_X509) {
		ssl_data_t ssl_data = (ssl_data_t)gnutls_session_get_ptr(session);
		if (ssl_data && ssl_data->host_privkey && ssl_data->host_cert) {
			debug_info("Passing certificate");
			st->type = type;
			st->ncerts = 1;
			st->cert.x509 = &ssl_data->host_cert;
			st->key.x509 = ssl_data->host_privkey;
			st->deinit_all = 0;
			res = 0;
		}
	}
	return res;
}
#endif

/**
 * Enables SSL for the given connection.
 *
 * @param connection The connection to enable SSL for.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS on success, IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG when connection
 *     is NULL or connection->ssl_data is non-NULL, or IDEVICE_E_SSL_ERROR when
 *     SSL initialization, setup, or handshake fails.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_connection_enable_ssl(idevice_connection_t connection)
{
	if (!connection || connection->ssl_data)
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;

	idevice_error_t ret = IDEVICE_E_SSL_ERROR;
	uint32_t return_me = 0;
	plist_t pair_record = NULL;

	userpref_read_pair_record(connection->udid, &pair_record);
	if (!pair_record) {
		debug_info("ERROR: Failed enabling SSL. Unable to read pair record for udid %s.", connection->udid);
		return ret;
	}

#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
	key_data_t root_cert = { NULL, 0 };
	key_data_t root_privkey = { NULL, 0 };

	pair_record_import_crt_with_name(pair_record, USERPREF_ROOT_CERTIFICATE_KEY, &root_cert);
	pair_record_import_key_with_name(pair_record, USERPREF_ROOT_PRIVATE_KEY_KEY, &root_privkey);

	if (pair_record)
		plist_free(pair_record);

	BIO *ssl_bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_socket());
	if (!ssl_bio) {
		debug_info("ERROR: Could not create SSL bio.");
		return ret;
	}
	BIO_set_fd(ssl_bio, (int)(long)connection->data, BIO_NOCLOSE);

	SSL_CTX *ssl_ctx = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv3_method());
	if (ssl_ctx == NULL) {
		debug_info("ERROR: Could not create SSL context.");
		BIO_free(ssl_bio);
		return ret;
	}

	BIO* membp;
	X509* rootCert = NULL;
	membp = BIO_new_mem_buf(root_cert.data, root_cert.size);
	PEM_read_bio_X509(membp, &rootCert, NULL, NULL);
	BIO_free(membp);
	if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ssl_ctx, rootCert) != 1) {
		debug_info("WARNING: Could not load RootCertificate");
	}
	X509_free(rootCert);
	free(root_cert.data);

	RSA* rootPrivKey = NULL;
	membp = BIO_new_mem_buf(root_privkey.data, root_privkey.size);
	PEM_read_bio_RSAPrivateKey(membp, &rootPrivKey, NULL, NULL);
	BIO_free(membp);
	if (SSL_CTX_use_RSAPrivateKey(ssl_ctx, rootPrivKey) != 1) {
		debug_info("WARNING: Could not load RootPrivateKey");
	}
	RSA_free(rootPrivKey);
	free(root_privkey.data);

	SSL *ssl = SSL_new(ssl_ctx);
	if (!ssl) {
		debug_info("ERROR: Could not create SSL object");
		BIO_free(ssl_bio);
		SSL_CTX_free(ssl_ctx);
		return ret;
	}
	SSL_set_connect_state(ssl);
	SSL_set_verify(ssl, 0, ssl_verify_callback);
	SSL_set_bio(ssl, ssl_bio, ssl_bio);

	return_me = SSL_do_handshake(ssl);
	if (return_me != 1) {
		debug_info("ERROR in SSL_do_handshake: %s", errorstring(SSL_get_error(ssl, return_me)));
		SSL_free(ssl);
		SSL_CTX_free(ssl_ctx);
	} else {
		ssl_data_t ssl_data_loc = (ssl_data_t)malloc(sizeof(struct ssl_data_private));
		ssl_data_loc->session = ssl;
		ssl_data_loc->ctx = ssl_ctx;
		connection->ssl_data = ssl_data_loc;
		ret = IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
		debug_info("SSL mode enabled, cipher: %s", SSL_get_cipher(ssl));
	}
#else
	ssl_data_t ssl_data_loc = (ssl_data_t)malloc(sizeof(struct ssl_data_private));

	/* Set up GnuTLS... */
	debug_info("enabling SSL mode");
	errno = 0;
	gnutls_certificate_allocate_credentials(&ssl_data_loc->certificate);
	gnutls_certificate_client_set_retrieve_function(ssl_data_loc->certificate, internal_cert_callback);
	gnutls_init(&ssl_data_loc->session, GNUTLS_CLIENT);
	gnutls_priority_set_direct(ssl_data_loc->session, "NONE:+VERS-SSL3.0:+ANON-DH:+RSA:+AES-128-CBC:+AES-256-CBC:+SHA1:+MD5:+COMP-NULL", NULL);
	gnutls_credentials_set(ssl_data_loc->session, GNUTLS_CRD_CERTIFICATE, ssl_data_loc->certificate);
	gnutls_session_set_ptr(ssl_data_loc->session, ssl_data_loc);

	gnutls_x509_crt_init(&ssl_data_loc->root_cert);
	gnutls_x509_crt_init(&ssl_data_loc->host_cert);
	gnutls_x509_privkey_init(&ssl_data_loc->root_privkey);
	gnutls_x509_privkey_init(&ssl_data_loc->host_privkey);

	pair_record_import_crt_with_name(pair_record, USERPREF_ROOT_CERTIFICATE_KEY, ssl_data_loc->root_cert);
	pair_record_import_crt_with_name(pair_record, USERPREF_HOST_CERTIFICATE_KEY, ssl_data_loc->host_cert);
	pair_record_import_key_with_name(pair_record, USERPREF_ROOT_PRIVATE_KEY_KEY, ssl_data_loc->root_privkey);
	pair_record_import_key_with_name(pair_record, USERPREF_HOST_PRIVATE_KEY_KEY, ssl_data_loc->host_privkey);

	if (pair_record)
		plist_free(pair_record);

	debug_info("GnuTLS step 1...");
	gnutls_transport_set_ptr(ssl_data_loc->session, (gnutls_transport_ptr_t)connection);
	debug_info("GnuTLS step 2...");
	gnutls_transport_set_push_function(ssl_data_loc->session, (gnutls_push_func) & internal_ssl_write);
	debug_info("GnuTLS step 3...");
	gnutls_transport_set_pull_function(ssl_data_loc->session, (gnutls_pull_func) & internal_ssl_read);
	debug_info("GnuTLS step 4 -- now handshaking...");
	if (errno) {
		debug_info("WARNING: errno says %s before handshake!", strerror(errno));
	}
	return_me = gnutls_handshake(ssl_data_loc->session);
	debug_info("GnuTLS handshake done...");

	if (return_me != GNUTLS_E_SUCCESS) {
		internal_ssl_cleanup(ssl_data_loc);
		free(ssl_data_loc);
		debug_info("GnuTLS reported something wrong.");
		gnutls_perror(return_me);
		debug_info("oh.. errno says %s", strerror(errno));
	} else {
		connection->ssl_data = ssl_data_loc;
		ret = IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
		debug_info("SSL mode enabled");
	}
#endif
	return ret;
}

/**
 * Disable SSL for the given connection.
 *
 * @param connection The connection to disable SSL for.
 *
 * @return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS on success, IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG when connection
 *     is NULL. This function also returns IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS when SSL is not
 *     enabled and does no further error checking on cleanup.
 */
idevice_error_t idevice_connection_disable_ssl(idevice_connection_t connection)
{
	if (!connection)
		return IDEVICE_E_INVALID_ARG;
	if (!connection->ssl_data) {
		/* ignore if ssl is not enabled */ 
		return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
	}

#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
	if (connection->ssl_data->session) {
		/* see: https://www.openssl.org/docs/ssl/SSL_shutdown.html#RETURN_VALUES */
		if (SSL_shutdown(connection->ssl_data->session) == 0) {
			SSL_shutdown(connection->ssl_data->session);
		}
	}
#else
	if (connection->ssl_data->session) {
		gnutls_bye(connection->ssl_data->session, GNUTLS_SHUT_RDWR);
	}
#endif
	internal_ssl_cleanup(connection->ssl_data);
	free(connection->ssl_data);
	connection->ssl_data = NULL;

	debug_info("SSL mode disabled");

	return IDEVICE_E_SUCCESS;
}